What are the main features of Java 11?

Table of Contents

• Introduction
• Key Features of Java 11
  • 1. New String Methods
  • 2. Local-Variable Syntax for Lambda Parameters
  • 3. New HTTP Client API
  • 4. New File Methods
  • 5. Improved Garbage Collection
  • 6. Deprecation of Some Features
  • 7. Flight Recorder
• Conclusion

Introduction

Java 11, released in September 2018, is a significant Long-Term Support (LTS) version that introduced a variety of new features, enhancements, and performance improvements. This release focused on simplifying development and improving the overall efficiency of Java applications. This guide outlines the key features of Java 11 and their implications for developers.

Key Features of Java 11

1. New String Methods

Java 11 introduced several new methods to the String class, enhancing its functionality.

• **isBlank()**: Checks if the string is empty or contains only whitespace.
• **lines()**: Returns a stream of lines extracted from the string.
• **repeat(int count)**: Repeats the string a specified number of times.

Example:

2. Local-Variable Syntax for Lambda Parameters

Java 11 allows the use of var for lambda parameters, enabling more concise lambda expressions.

Example:

3. New HTTP Client API

Java 11 introduced a new HTTP client API that supports both synchronous and asynchronous requests, making it easier to handle HTTP connections.

• Features:
  • Supports HTTP/2 and WebSocket.
  • Simplified API for sending requests and handling responses.

Example:

4. New File Methods

Java 11 added new methods to the Files class for better file handling.

• **readString(Path path)**: Reads all content from a file as a string.
• **writeString(Path path, CharSequence content)**: Writes a string to a file.

Example:

5. Improved Garbage Collection

Java 11 introduced the Z Garbage Collector (ZGC), a low-latency garbage collector designed for applications requiring minimal pause times. This enhances performance, especially for large heaps.

6. Deprecation of Some Features

Java 11 deprecated several features and APIs to streamline the language and remove outdated functionality.

• For example, the Applet API and some Java EE and CORBA modules were deprecated.

7. Flight Recorder

Java Flight Recorder (JFR) is now open source, allowing developers to monitor and profile Java applications with minimal overhead.

• Benefits:
  • Helps in diagnosing performance issues and analyzing application behavior.

Conclusion

Java 11 introduced a variety of features aimed at improving the developer experience and enhancing the performance of Java applications. Key updates like the new HTTP client API, enhanced string methods, and local-variable syntax for lambda parameters contribute to a more streamlined and efficient coding experience. As a Long-Term Support (LTS) release, Java 11 provides developers with a stable and feature-rich platform for building modern applications. Understanding these features can help you leverage Java 11 effectively in your projects.