How does Go handle error handling and exception management?

In Go, error handling is considered an important aspect of the language, and it follows a unique approach compared to other programming languages.

In Go, errors are represented as values that can be returned from functions. This means that error handling is an explicit part of the code and not an afterthought. The idiomatic way of handling errors in Go is to return an error value as the last return value from a function, and then check for the error value in the calling function.

Go does not have a built-in exception handling mechanism like other programming languages. Instead, it relies on the return values to indicate errors, which makes it simpler and easier to reason about. However, Go does have the **panic** and **recover** functions, which can be used for handling unexpected errors that are not related to business logic.

**panic** is used to halt the execution of a program immediately and can be used to signal a fatal error. When **panic** is called, the program stops running immediately and begins to unwind the stack, calling deferred functions along the way.

**recover** is used to catch a panic and resume normal execution. It is typically used in deferred functions to recover from a panic and return an error value instead.

In summary, Go emphasizes explicit error handling through return values, rather than exceptions. This approach makes the code simpler and easier to reason about, but also requires careful attention to error handling throughout the codebase.