Explain the use of Go's context package for managing the lifecycle and cancellation of multiple goroutines in Go programs?

Go's context package provides a way to manage the lifecycle and cancellation of multiple goroutines in a program. A context is a value that carries deadlines, cancellation signals, and other request-scoped values across API boundaries and between processes. It provides a way to propagate deadlines, cancelation signals, and other request-scoped values across API boundaries and between processes.

In Go programs, a context is created using the **context.Background()** function, which returns an empty context with no values or deadlines. A context can be passed to a function or a goroutine as a parameter, and it can be used to control the behavior of the function or goroutine.

The **context** package provides several functions for creating and manipulating contexts, including:

• **context.Background()**: returns an empty context with no values or deadlines.
• **context.TODO()**: returns a non-nil, empty context. It is usually used in situations where a context is required, but there is no obvious context to use.
• **context.WithCancel(parent)**: returns a new context derived from the parent context **parent** and a **cancel** function. The **cancel** function can be used to cancel the new context and all contexts derived from it.
• **context.WithDeadline(parent, deadline)**: returns a new context derived from the parent context **parent** and a deadline time. The new context will be canceled when the deadline expires.
• **context.WithTimeout(parent, timeout)**: returns a new context derived from the parent context **parent** and a **timeout** duration. The new context will be canceled when the timeout expires.
• **context.WithValue(parent, key, value)**: returns a new context derived from the parent context **parent** with the key-value pair **key-value** associated with it.

The **context** package also provides a way to propagate a context across API boundaries using the **context.Context** interface. Functions that receive a context as a parameter should take it as the first parameter and should return a new context derived from it.

The **context** package also provides a way to cancel a context using the **context.WithCancel()** function, which returns a new context and a **cancel** function. When the **cancel** function is called, the context and all contexts derived from it will be canceled, and all goroutines that are waiting on the context will be notified.

Overall, the **context** package is a powerful tool for managing the lifecycle and cancellation of multiple goroutines in Go programs, and it is especially useful for managing long-running operations that need to be cancelled in response to user input or other external events.