Explain the use of Go's conditional statements (if, switch, etc.) for controlling flow of execution?
The use of Go's conditional statements for controlling the flow of execution are as follows:-
Go provides a few conditional statements that allow the program to execute certain statements or blocks of statements based on some condition. The main conditional statements are **if**
, **switch**
, and **select**
.
The **if**
statement is used to evaluate a single condition and execute a block of code if the condition is true. It can also have an optional **else**
block that executes if the condition is false.
Here's an example:
if x > 10 {
fmt.Println("x is greater than 10")
} else {
fmt.Println("x is less than or equal to 10")
}
The **switch**
statement is used to evaluate an expression and execute one of several blocks of code based on the value of the expression. It can also have an optional **default**
block that executes if none of the cases match.
Here's an example:
switch x {
case 1:
fmt.Println("x is 1")
case 2:
fmt.Println("x is 2")
default:
fmt.Println("x is neither 1 nor 2")
}
The **select**
statement is used to choose which of several channels to send or receive on, based on which operation can proceed without blocking. It can also have an optional **default**
block that executes if none of the cases can proceed without blocking.
Here's an example:
select {
case x := <-ch1:
fmt.Println("received from ch1:", x)
case y := <-ch2:
fmt.Println("received from ch2:", y)
default:
fmt.Println("no channel ready")
}
In summary, conditional statements in Go are essential for controlling the flow of execution and making decisions based on conditions or values. They allow the program to be more flexible and dynamic in its behavior.